Steel, including steel structure, bridge, tower masts, containers and hydraulic steel structure and to others. This article is only about 60 years of steel structure housing development process. Steel housing development can be divided into four stages: The Early stage (50′s of last century to 60 years), low stage (of the last century in the late 60′s to 70′s), development time (80s of last century to 90 years), strong phase (2000-2010).
The Early stage (of the last century 50′s to 60′s).
The establishment of New China in 1949, undone, when steel production is very low, only 1.35 million tons per year (now up to 5 million tons). Steel building only through economic and technical assistance to the Soviet Union was the 156 aided the Soviet Union heavy industrial plants, including metallurgy, heavy machinery, aircraft and automobile industries such as Anshan Iron and Steel Plant, Wuhan Iron and Steel Factory, Dalian Shipyard and Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Factory.
At that time large number of Soviet experts sent to guide the work. At the same time in Beijing, Shenyang, East, South, Central, Southwest, Northwest and other places set up six large industrial design institutes in Beijing, Wuhan, Anshan, Chongqing, Baotou, Shanghai set up a 6 iron and steel institute, has set up 22 Metallurgical Construction departments and installation of steel manufacturing companies.
Just a few years a number of steel building industrial plants (steel column, steel truss, crane beam), train a large number of the design, manufacture, installation personnel, in order to lay a solid foundation for future development. At that time, civil engineering steel few worth mentioning are: Beijing 1954, Sports (57 m span arch of two hinged floor), Chongqing People’s Hall in 1954 (40.6 m circular steel dome rib), 1956, Tianjin Stadium (50 m Union Square steel cylinder shell), 1959 Beijing People’s Congress Hall million (60.9-meter steel truss), etc.. Today’s Japanese professor’s first string beam, chord supported truss and dome, etc., which support the concept of string 50 in the last century’s already there, such as under the support span, and prestressed Crane Beam coal trestle and so on.
Low stage (of the last century the late 60′s to 70′s).
This period increased demand for state departments of steel, but steel production is still small, only 20 million tons per year, saving steel States policy, then it was not one-sided understanding of the steel, thus less number of steel structure. In the Cultural Revolution is all stopped. Professors and engineers through the active efforts, only then the 1955 version used for many years, “Specification for Structural Steel,” written in 1974 with their version of “Specification for Structural Steel” instead. Also built a number of large steel works, of course, and number fewer than currently.
To promote conservation in the steel, the state has proposed to abolish the fat beams, thick columns, depth-based approach, so a batch of cold-formed steel works: such as Shanghai, Shaoguan, Guilin, Shiyan, and to the construction of hundreds of thousands of square-meter factory, warehouses. As the economy of steel policy has been to promote application of flat grid structure, particularly the welded hollow spherical joints of successful small and medium span across the grid plate welded spherical joints everywhere, at the same time, steel grid bolted spherical joints also Promotion up.
Stage of development (of the last century 80s to 90s).
This should be a 20-year rise of steel development time, because steel has some unique advantages, has become the main structure construction, especially steel production continued to rise in 1997 reached 100 million tons, to the development of our steel created favorable conditions for the structure. In 1998, China has been able to produce rolled H section steel, the steel structure to provide a new steel-based series.
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